The Dog's Bell · 4000词 Book 1 Unit 4 阅读精读
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4000 ESSENTIAL ENGLISH WORDS · BOOK 1 · UNIT 4

The Dog's Bell
狗铃铛

John 的狗总是咬人,村里的朋友们都躲着它。朋友建议:在狗脖子上挂个铃铛,大家听到铃声就能避开。读一读这个「坏习惯 → 挂铃铛 → 意外真相」的小故事,把 Unit 4 的 20 个单词全部拿下!

适合 初中 蓝思值 约 430L 欧标 A2 单词量 约 230 词 20 个目标词 英译英 猜单词 点词查词典 · 听朗读 全文 词性标注
一只脖子上挂着铃铛的狗在村庄街道上的插画

村里的小狗挂了只铃铛——从此人们远远就能听见它(图片来源:AI 生成插画)

读一读READ & EXPLORE

精读原文 · 全文词性标注 · 点词查词典

猜一猜WORD LAB

英译英词卡 · 看英文释义猜单词

练一练EXERCISES

拼词配对 · 选最佳句 · 阅读理解

01

读前热身Before You Read

先别急着读课文!看着标题 The Dog's Bell(狗铃铛)和插图,想一想下面三个问题——带着问题去读,理解会更深。

  • Q1Who is John? What is his problem? 约翰是谁?他的难题是什么?
  • Q2What do the people in the village ask John to do? 村里的人让约翰做什么?
  • Q3How does the dog feel about the bell? Why? 狗怎么看待铃铛?为什么?
  • 小提示:这是一篇寓言式小故事(fable-like story),讲一个坏习惯怎么被解决,结尾还点明一个道理。读的时候留意:问题是什么、办法是什么、狗的想法和事情的真相差在哪里。
    一只金属小铃铛特写,铃铛上系着彩色编织项圈

    铃铛帮人们知道狗在哪里——可狗真的明白吗?

    02

    原文精读Read & Explore

    跟着原文读一遍。带颜色的单词是按词性标注的——先别急着查词典,结合上下文猜意思!点击任意英文单词会弹出词典卡片;点击▶听朗读(可调速)。

    动词·谓语 不定式to do 动名词 现在/过去分词 形容词 副词 介词 连词 that/who/which从句 when/where/why从句
    The Dog's Bell -课文朗读
    00:00
    00:00

    The Dog's Bell

    Reading Practice · Track 4-2 · 朗读顺序:先慢读两遍,再尝试不看文字跟读

    John's dog was a bad dog. He bit people frequently. John was concerned about this. It was not an appropriate way for a dog to behave. His friends in the village always expected the dog to bite them. The news about John's dog spread through the village. None of the people wanted to go to John's house. John tried to instruct the dog to behave, but it never worked. He tried to be patient and teach the dog to be calm. That also didn't work. John didn't want to punish the dog. "How will I stop my dog's bad habit?" John asked himself.

    段落大意:约翰的狗是只坏狗,经常咬人。约翰很担心——狗这样表现可不合适。村里的朋友总以为狗会咬他们。消息传遍全村,没人愿意去约翰家。约翰教过它、也耐心教它冷静,都不管用。他不想惩罚狗。"我怎样才能改掉狗的坏习惯?"约翰问自己。

    John's friend came to talk to him about the issue. "During their important meeting," his friend said, "the people in the village asked me to represent them. We want your dog to stop this habit. Why don't you put a bell around the dog's neck? This way, we would hear your dog coming down the street."

    段落大意:约翰的朋友来找他谈这件事。"在村里的重要会议上,"朋友说,"大家让我代表他们。我们希望你的狗改掉这个习惯。为什么不在狗脖子上挂个铃铛呢?这样我们就能听到你的狗沿街走来了。"

    John thought this was a great idea. Now, people could stay away from the dog. It would not be able to bite anyone anymore.

    段落大意:约翰觉得这是个好主意。现在人们可以离狗远远的,它再也咬不到任何人了。

    The dog liked the bell, too. People looked at him when they heard his bell. This made the dog very content. He liked the sound the bell made when he walked.

    段落大意:狗也喜欢这个铃铛。人们听到铃声就看着它,这让狗非常满足。它喜欢自己走路时铃铛发出的声音。

    One day, John's dog strolled through the village and met some other dogs. He expected them to want a bell like his. But they laughed at his bell. They said the bell made people avoid him. John's dog shook his head. "No, they look at me because they like the bell."

    段落大意:一天,约翰的狗在村里散步,遇见了别的狗。它以为他们会想要一个像它那样的铃铛,可他们却嘲笑它的铃铛——他们说铃铛让人们躲开它。约翰的狗摇摇头:"不,他们看我,是因为喜欢这个铃铛。"

    The other dogs said, "You have the wrong idea about what makes you popular. Of course, they like your bell. It tells them where you are so they can avoid you. You aren't able to bite them anymore!"

    段落大意:别的狗说:"你对'什么让你受欢迎'的想法是错的。他们当然喜欢你的铃铛——铃铛告诉他们你在哪儿,这样他们就能躲开你。你再也不能咬到他们了!"

    You see, being popular isn't something positive when it's for the wrong reason.

    段落大意:你看,如果是因为错误的原因而受欢迎,那可不是什么好事。
    朗读提示:这是一篇寓言式小故事,讲一只狗因为错误的原因"受欢迎"。第一遍慢读,体会狗的心情变化:被讨厌 → 以为被喜欢 → 被点破真相;第二遍大声朗读,读到狗的自我辩解 "No, they look at me because they like the bell." 时带点得意,读到别的狗点破真相时语气严肃、语速放慢。
    03

    文章结构分析How the Text Is Organized

    这是一篇「问题 → 尝试 → 办法 → 真相与道理」的小故事。把握这条线,就能快速抓住故事的骨架:

    开头 · 问题

    狗总咬人,人人躲避

    约翰的狗经常咬人,消息传遍全村,没人愿意去他家。

    →
    经过 · 尝试与失败

    教不听、劝不动

    教狗好好表现、耐心教它冷静,全都不管用;又不想惩罚它。

    →
    转折 · 朋友出主意

    挂个铃铛,听到就躲

    朋友代表村民提议:在狗脖子上挂铃铛,人们听到铃声就能避开。

    →
    结果 · 真相与道理

    狗误会了"受欢迎"

    狗以为被喜欢,别的狗点破真相:人们是躲开它。结尾点明道理。

    小发现:故事用一般过去时(bit / spread / came / shook)讲过去的事;中间用 Why don't you…? 提出建议;结尾一句 You see, being popular isn't something positive when it's for the wrong reason. 直接点明道理——这是寓言类小故事的常见结尾。
    村里人看到挂着铃铛的狗,纷纷退到路边的插画

    铃铛一响,人们就躲开——这就是狗"受欢迎"的真相。

    04

    词汇实验室 · 英译英猜词Word Lab — Guess the Word

    4000词教材的秘密武器:英译英

    这套教材最大的亮点,就是用英语解释英语——每个单词都用一句简单的英文释义讲清楚,不依赖中文翻译。这样记单词,能慢慢养成「英语思维」,比死记硬背牢固得多!

    • 看释义正面只有英文释义,不看单词
    • 猜单词心里默念:这个词是什么?
    • 翻面验证点击卡片翻面,看看猜对了吗

    Unit 4 共 20 个目标词 · 先猜 Part A,再挑战 Part B

    PART A · 1–10
    PART B · 11–20
    05

    语法聚焦Grammar in the Passage

    ① 一般过去时
    讲故事的基本时态

    动词过去式:bit / spread / came / shook

    寓言故事用一般过去时讲已经发生的事。规则动词加 -ed(asked / looked / tried / laughed),不规则动词要记(bite→bit、spread→spread、come→came、shake→shook、say→said、think→thought)。
    "He bit people frequently." · "The news spread through the village."
    "John's dog shook his head." · "They laughed at his bell."
    小任务:Yesterday my dog ___ (bark) at the mailman and ___ (shake) its tail.(barked / shook)
    ② be able to + 动词原形
    情态:能够 / 会

    be able to to do = 能够做

    be able to + 动词原形,表示「能够、有能力做某事」,与 can 意思相近,但可以配合各种时态变形。课文里:It would not be able to bite anyone anymore(它再也不能咬任何人了)、You aren't able to bite them anymore(你不能再咬他们了)。
    "It would not be able to bite anyone anymore."(would + be able to)
    "You aren't able to bite them anymore!"(be 动词现在时)
    小任务:I ___ able to finish my homework before dinner.(am / was → am)
    ③ would 的用法
    设想 / 想象中的结果

    would + 动词原形

    would + 动词原形,表示「设想中会发生的事」。课文里朋友在想象:如果给狗挂上铃铛,we would hear your dog coming(我们就能听到你的狗走来)——这是还没发生的设想。对比:will 表示「确定会」,would 则表示「(假如这样)就会」,常用于假设或想象的语境。would 还常见于礼貌请求:Would you help me?(你能帮我一下吗?)
    "we would hear your dog coming down the street"(设想的结果)
    "Would you please pass me the book?"(礼貌请求)
    小任务:If I put a bell on my dog, I ___ (will/would) always know where it is.(would)
    ④ Why don't you…? 建议句
    提出建议的口语句型

    Why don't you + 动词原形…?

    Why don't you + 动词原形,表示「你为什么不做……呢?」,用来给对方提建议,语气轻松友好。课文里朋友代表村民提议:Why don't you put a bell around the dog's neck?(你为什么不给狗挂个铃铛呢?)。
    "Why don't you put a bell around the dog's neck?"
    "Why don't you ask the teacher for help?"
    小任务:___ don't you ___ (walk) the dog every morning?(Why / walk)
    ⑤ 介词短语
    课文里的介词

    in / through / around / down / away from / about

    介词后面跟名词或代词,表示位置、方向等。in the village(在村里)、through the village(穿过村子)、around the dog's neck(在狗的脖子上)、down the street(沿街)、stay away from the dog(远离那只狗)、talk about the issue(谈这件事)。
    "through the village" · "around the dog's neck"
    "down the street" · "away from the dog"
    小任务:The dog ran ___ (through/around) the park. / The bell is ___ (around/away) the neck.(through / around)
    ⑥ v-ing 动名词 / 现在分词
    动词加 -ing 的两种角色

    being / coming

    动词加 -ing 在课文里有两种角色:① 动名词作主语——being popular isn't something positive(受欢迎不是什么好事),being 相当于一个名词;② 现在分词跟在 see / hear 后面表示「看到/听到……在做」——we would hear your dog coming down the street(我们能听到你的狗沿街走来)。
    "being popular isn't something positive"(动名词作主语)
    "your dog coming down the street"(hear + 现在分词)
    小任务:___ (swim) is good exercise. / I heard someone ___ (sing).(Swimming / singing)
    ⑦ what 引导的从句
    名词性从句:what = 「……的东西 / 事情」

    about what makes you popular

    what 引导的从句可以整个当作一个名词来用(名词性从句)。课文里:You have the wrong idea about what makes you popular(你对「什么让你受欢迎」的想法是错的)——what makes you popular 整体作介词 about 的宾语,意思是「让你受欢迎的东西/原因」。注意:what 在从句内部还担任主语(what makes…)。
    "the wrong idea about what makes you popular"
    "I don't know what he wants."(不知道他想要什么)
    小任务:I don't know ___ (what/when) he wants.(what)
    ⑧ where 引导的从句
    宾语从句:where = 「在哪里」

    tells them where you are

    where 引导的从句作动词的宾语(宾语从句),表示「……的地方」。课文里:It tells them where you are(它告诉他们你在哪里)——where you are 作 tells 的宾语。从句里用正常语序(you are),不用疑问句倒装(are you)。
    "It tells them where you are so they can avoid you."
    "Do you know where the bus stop is?"(你知道车站在哪吗)
    小任务:Please tell me ___ (where/when) the bus stop is.(where)
    ⑨ when 引导的从句
    时间状语从句:when = 「当……的时候」

    looked at him when they heard his bell

    when 引导的从句说明主句动作发生的时间(时间状语从句)。课文里:People looked at him when they heard his bell(人们听到他的铃声时看着他)——「听到铃声」是「看着他」发生的时间背景。when 从句可以放在主句前面或后面。
    "People looked at him when they heard his bell."
    "when it's for the wrong reason"(当它出于错误的原因时)
    小任务:___ (When/Where) I got home, my dog ran to me.(When)
    06

    练习测验Exercises

    Unit 4 练习

    先自己做一遍,再点击核对答案;理解题可点选项即时判对错。
    EXERCISE AMatch to complete the words. Then write the part of speech. 拼词配对
    把左边的字母片段和右边的片段拼成一个单词,再写出词性(点击两半拼合,拼对显示答案)。
    EXERCISE BCheck (✓) the one that best fits the blank. 选最佳句
    每个句子的空白处选一个最合适的后半句(点选后即时判对错)。
    EXERCISE CCheck (✓) the sentence that makes the most sense according to the bold word. 句意判断
    根据加粗单词的意思,选出逻辑最通顺的句子(点选后即时判对错)。
    READING COMPREHENSIONAnswer the questions. 阅读理解
    读课文选答案,点选项即时判定;第 5 题开放题可对照参考答案。
    07

    文章金句及仿写Golden Sentences & Imitation

    把课文里的好句子拆成「句型框架」,换词就能写自己的作文。下面用我的小狗麦克斯来仿写——练完《The Dog's Bell》的句型,你也能写一篇「坏习惯怎么改掉」的小故事。灰色字 = 可替换词 · 换词即用

    句 1John's dog was a bad dog. He bit people frequently.

    ____ was a bad ____. He/She ____ people frequently.

    仿写我的小狗:My dog Max was a bad dog. He barked at people frequently. 我的狗麦克斯是只坏狗,经常对人叫。

    适用:故事开头交代人物和坏习惯,用 frequently 说明习惯有多频繁。

    句 2John tried to instruct the dog to behave, but it never worked.

    ____ tried to ____, but it never worked.

    仿写我的小狗:I tried to instruct Max to behave, but it never worked. 我试着教麦克斯好好表现,但从来不管用。

    适用:写尝试与失败——用 but it never worked 表示「怎么都不管用」。

    句 3Why don't you put a bell around the dog's neck?

    Why don't you ____?

    仿写我的小狗:Why don't you walk Max every day? 你为什么不每天遛遛麦克斯呢?

    适用:朋友给建议——用 Why don't you…? 轻松地提出办法。

    句 4You see, being popular isn't something positive when it's for the wrong reason.

    You see, ____ isn't something ____ when it's for the wrong reason.

    仿写我的小狗:You see, being calm isn't hard when you get enough exercise! 你看,只要运动够了,保持冷静并不难!

    适用:结尾点明道理——用 You see 引出总结。

    整篇仿写My Dog Max · 我的小狗麦克斯(约 180 词,套用课文句型)
    开篇 · 人物与坏习惯

    My dog Max was a bad dog. He barked at people frequently. I was concerned about this, because it was not an appropriate way for a dog to behave. My neighbors in the village always expected Max to bark at them. The news about Max spread through the street, and none of the people wanted to come to my house.

    主体 · 尝试与失败

    I tried to instruct Max to behave, but it never worked. I tried to be patient and teach Max to be calm. That also didn't work. I didn't want to punish Max. "How will I stop my dog's bad habit?" I asked myself.

    转折 · 朋友出主意

    My friend came to talk to me about the issue. "Why don't you walk Max every day?" he said. "He would be too tired to bark at people." I thought this was a great idea.

    结尾 · 成功与感悟

    Every evening, I took Max for a long stroll through the village. Max liked the walks, and he was very content when he came home. He expected me to take him out again the next day. Now, Max hardly barked at anyone, and people were not afraid of him anymore. Sometimes, a little change is all a bad habit needs. You see, being calm isn't hard when you get enough exercise!

    08

    学习指南Learning Notes

    学习提示与答案 ▾
    学习目标 · Learning Goals
    • 词汇:Unit 4 的 20 个目标词(Part A + Part B),能看懂英文释义并猜出单词。
    • 阅读:读懂 The Dog's Bell 的故事结构(问题—尝试—办法—真相与道理)。
    • 语法:一般过去时、be able to、would、Why don't you…?、介词短语、v-ing。
    • 能力:掌握寓言类小故事的阅读方法,体会「狗以为被喜欢、其实是躲开它」的反转。
    阅读策略 · Reading Tips
    • 第一遍:只看课文,圈出 20 个目标词,猜它们在句中的意思。
    • 第二遍:结合右侧词汇面板,核对重点词汇和词组的音标与释义。
    • 第三遍:用「听写」功能逐句听写,练听力和书写;用「中译英」检验是否真正理解。
    • 把不熟的词点进「加入生词本」,本单元的生词只存在本页,随时回来复习。
    答案 · Answer Key
    • EXERCISE A 拼词配对:1 spread, n. · 2 content, adj. · 3 shake, v. · 4 expect, v. · 5 avoid, v.
    • EXERCISE B 选最佳句:1 a · 2 a · 3 b · 4 b · 5 b
    • EXERCISE C 句意判断:1 a · 2 b · 3 a · 4 a · 5 b · 6 a · 7 b · 8 b · 9 a · 10 a
    • READING COMPREHENSION:1 a · 2 c · 3 b · 4 d · 5 They said the bell made people avoid him.(他们说铃铛让人们躲开他。)
    听写课文原文第 1 / 20 句
    准备听写…
    中译英课文原文第 1 / 20 句
    看中文,把它翻译成英文: