CLOZE TEST · 完形填空

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Read · Reason · Recall · Verify — 通读 · 推理 · 回读 · 验证

篇章:Fiona 的友谊领悟(叙事文) 初中英语 · IELTS 3.0 初学者 Unit 1-2 10 空 · 含选项翻译与逐空详解
女孩与礼物盒主题插画
FIONA & FRIENDSHIP
图例 LEGEND 浅黄色 = 填入的答案词 数字上标 = 对应题号 (答案词已在原文中填好,先通读全文再逐题核对解析)

阅读原文

Passage · Fiona 原以为朋友很多,直到礼物日那天……

P1 Fiona was a very popular girl at school. From an early age, she tried to be friendly to everyone1. However, everything changed2 on International Day of Friendship. Miss Chen said everyone had to make three3 presents to give to their three best friends. Fiona thought she would receive many! But when all the presents had been shared out, she didn't get any! Fiona felt terrible4, crying for hours. Everyone came to comfort (安慰) her, but5 each stayed just a short time before leaving — just as she had done to others.

P2 That night, Fiona told her mother6 about everything. She said, "My dear, you cannot buy friends with just a smile or a few good words. True friends need care, respect, admiration, support7 and so on. For a true friend, you must always be there in good times and bad."

P3 Hearing this, Fiona decided8 that she must change. As she lay in bed that night, she thought about9 her mother: she was always ready to help her, put up with her bad behavior, encouraged (鼓励) her and loved her deeply. That was what made a true friend!

P4 Fiona was glad10 — she already had the best friend anyone could ever want.

完形填空解题策略

STRATEGY · 四步做题法
1

通读(Read)

先不看选项通读全文,把握故事大意与情感走向 —— Fiona 从“以为自己朋友多”到“醒悟”的转变。

2

推理(Reason)

逐空根据上下文逻辑推理:转折(however / but)、因果、指代、词义复现都是线索。

3

回读(Recall)

填完词后回读所在句和前后句,检查搭配(动词时态、介词、固定搭配)是否通顺。

4

验证(Verify)

把答案带入整段通读,验证故事情感、逻辑、语法都成立;警惕“无中生有”的干扰项。

1
she tried to be friendly to everyone.

她试着对每个人都很友好。

上下文逻辑
  • A. anyone任何人(否定句/疑问句中用)

    句意是肯定“对每个人都友好”,anyone 常用于否定/疑问,语义不符。

  • B. no one没有人

    “对没有人友好”与后文“popular 受欢迎”矛盾。

  • C. someone某人

    “对某个人友好”太窄,与“对所有人友好、人缘好”的铺垫不符。

  • D. everyone每个人

    对应开篇 “popular(受欢迎)”:对每个人都友好,才显得人缘好。答案 D。

定位P1 首句 “a very popular girl” 是铺垫。
依据“对每个人友好 → 以为会收到很多礼物”的因果链;选 everyone 才能解释后文“她以为会收到许多”。
答案D everyone。注意 anyone 用于否定句,此处是肯定句。
2
everything changed on International Day of Friendship.

然而在友谊日那天,一切都改变了。

转折逻辑 · However
  • A. followed跟随

    “一切跟随”说不通,与转折逻辑无关。

  • B. changed改变

    However 表转折:以前一切顺利,那天“改变了”(她没收到礼物)。答案 B。

  • C. disappeared消失

    “一切都消失”语气过重,不符合“没收到礼物”这一具体事件。

  • D. developed发展

    “一切发展”没有体现转折后的反差。

定位However 是转折信号词。
依据前文 Fiona 受欢迎、以为会有很多礼物;转折后“一件礼物也没收到” —— 情况改变了。
答案B changed。看到 However / but 先想“前后对比”。
3
everyone had to make three presents to give to their three best friends.

每个人必须做 3 份礼物送给他们的三个最好的朋友。

信息复现
  • A. two二

    与后文 “three best friends” 不一致。

  • B. three三

    后文紧接 “their three best friends”,前文数字复现,答案 B。

  • C. four四

    与 “three best friends” 矛盾。

  • D. five五

    与 “three best friends” 矛盾。

定位同一句后半部分 “three best friends”。
依据“做 three 份礼物送给 three 个最好的朋友” —— 数字前后一致(信息复现)。
答案B three。数字题找句中复现信息即可。
4
Fiona felt terrible, crying for hours.

菲奥娜感到很难受,哭了好几个小时。

情感推断
  • A. terrible难受的,糟糕的

    没收到任何礼物,哭了几个小时 —— 情绪必然是难受,答案 A。

  • B. surprised惊讶的

    惊讶不能解释“哭几个小时”,情绪程度不符。

  • C. confident自信的

    与哭泣行为完全矛盾。

  • D. peaceful平静的

    平静与大哭矛盾。

定位后文 “crying for hours(哭了几小时)”。
依据前因(没收到礼物)+ 后果(大哭)→ 情绪是 terrible(难受)。
答案A terrible。情感题结合上下文行为判断。
5
Everyone came to comfort her, but each stayed just a short time.

每个人都来安慰她,但每个人都只待了一小会儿。

连词 · 转折
  • A. so所以(因果)

    “都来安慰→所以都只待一会儿”逻辑不通。

  • B. but但是(转折)

    “都来安慰她,但是都只待一会儿就走” —— 转折对比,答案 B。

  • C. and并且(并列)

    并列无法体现“来安慰”与“很快就走”的反差。

  • D. or或者(选择)

    选择关系在此说不通。

定位“came to comfort her” 与 “stayed just a short time” 之间。
依据“安慰”应该待久些,却“很快就走” —— 前后相反,用 but 表转折。
答案B but。连词题先判断前后是转折、因果还是并列。
6
Fiona told her mother about everything.

菲奥娜把一切告诉了她的妈妈。

指代推断
  • A. father爸爸

    后文说话者是妈妈(第 9 空线索),不是爸爸。

  • B. teacher老师

    说话内容(My dear 亲爱的)更符合妈妈的口吻。

  • C. mother妈妈

    P2 “My dear...” 是妈妈对女儿说的话;P3 又出现 “she ... her mother”,答案 C。

  • D. aunt阿姨

    后文明确提到 mother,与 aunt 无关。

定位P2 引号中的说话内容 + P3 的 “her mother”。
依据“My dear” 是母亲对女儿亲切的称呼;P3 直接写出 mother —— 前后呼应。
答案C mother。指代/人物题要往后文找线索(伏笔)。
7
True friends need care, respect, admiration, support and so on.

真正的朋友需要关心、尊重、敬佩、支持等等。

并列词义
  • A. quality质量;品质

    care/respect/admiration 是“需要给予的东西”,quality 不在此列。

  • B. support支持

    care(关心)、respect(尊重)、admiration(敬佩)并列 —— 都是朋友间需要给予的,support 同类,答案 B。

  • C. success成功

    “需要成功”与前后名词不同类。

  • D. culture文化

    与 care/respect/admiration 不同类。

定位“care, respect, admiration, ___ and so on” 并列结构。
依据and so on 前的词应同类:都是朋友间“给予/需要”的抽象品质,support 最合适。
答案B support。并列题看词义是否同类。
8
Hearing this, Fiona decided that she must change.

听到这话,菲奥娜决定她必须改变。

语境动词
  • A. minded介意(mind)

    “介意她必须改变”语法语义都不通。

  • B. described描述

    “描述她必须改变”不符合动作逻辑。

  • C. explored探索

    “探索她必须改变”搭配不当。

  • D. decided决定

    听完妈妈的话,“决定”改变 —— decide that 后接从句,答案 D。

定位“Hearing this”(听了妈妈的话)后,接下来是心理活动。
依据“听到道理 → 决定改变 → 反思妈妈”,是完整的叙事链。
答案D decided。动词题结合故事发展的下一步动作判断。
9
She thought about her mother: she was always ready to help her...

她想到了她的妈妈:她总是准备好帮助她……

词组辨析
  • A. thought about想到,考虑

    “她想到妈妈:她总是……”,后面是回忆妈妈的好,答案 A。

  • B. turned to转向;求助于

    “求助妈妈”后应接“向妈妈要帮助”,与后文“妈妈总是帮她”的回忆不衔接。

  • C. counted on依靠,指望

    “指望妈妈”后应是“她需要妈妈”,与回忆口吻不符。

  • D. woke up醒来

    “醒来妈妈”搭配错误,醒来后面不能直接接人。

定位“she ___ her mother: she was always ready to help her...”
依据冒号后是“回忆/描述妈妈的品质” → 用 think about(想到)。
答案A thought about。词组辨析题注意后文的语义呼应。
10
Fiona was glad — she already had the best friend anyone could ever want.

菲奥娜很开心——她已经拥有了任何人都想要的最好的朋友。

情感推断 · 结尾升华
  • A. energetic精力充沛的

    “有最好的朋友”不产生“精力充沛”的情绪。

  • B. alive活着的

    “活着”与上下文无关。

  • C. glad高兴的

    领悟到“妈妈就是最好的朋友”后,情感是释然、开心 —— 结尾升华,答案 C。

  • D. patient耐心的

    “有最好的朋友”与“耐心”无逻辑关联。

定位破折号后 “she already had the best friend”。
依据从难过(P1)到醒悟(P3)再到“拥有最好朋友” —— 结尾情绪是开心(glad)。
答案C glad。完形结尾常考“情感升华”,抓全文情绪走向。

文章精读

INTENSIVE READING · 词性标注 + 句型分析

按词性标注颜色读句子:绿色=动词,粉字=形容词,蓝字=副词,紫字=介词,橙字=连词,带底纹=词形变化。点击生词仍可查词典。

P1 · 从受欢迎到伤心

S1Fiona was a very popular girl at school.菲奥娜在学校是个很受欢迎的女孩。

S2Everyone came to comfort her, but each stayed just a short time before leaving.每个人都来安慰她,但每个人只待了一会儿就离开了。

P2 · 妈妈的忠告

S1You cannot buy friends with just a smile or a few good words.你不能仅凭一个微笑或几句好话就买到朋友。

S2You must always be there in good times and bad.无论在好时光还是坏时光,你必须一直在场。

P3 · 醒悟与反思

S1She was always ready to help her, put up with her bad behavior, encouraged her and loved her deeply.她总是准备好帮助她,容忍她的坏行为,鼓励她并且深爱着她。

P4 · 结尾升华

S1She already had the best friend anyone could ever want.她已经拥有了任何人都会想要的最好的朋友。

作文金句仿写

WRITING BOOST · 黑色为框架,灰色底纹为可替换词

把文中的好句子拆成“句型框架”,换上你自己的词,就能写出漂亮的句子。

金句 1 You cannot buy friends with just a smile or a few good words.

You cannot buy friends / happiness / success with just a smile / money / good words.

仿写:You cannot buy happiness with just money. 你不能仅凭金钱买到幸福。

适用:议论文讲“真正重要的是什么”。

金句 2 A true friend must always be there in good times and bad.

A true friend / partner must always be there in good times and bad / when you need help.

仿写:A true partner must always be there when you need help. 真正的伙伴在你需要帮助时一定会在。

适用:写“什么是好朋友/好队友”。

金句 3 She was always ready to help her, put up with her bad behavior and loved her deeply.

My mother / My best friend is always ready to help / listen to / support me and loves / cares about me deeply / truly.

仿写:My best friend is always ready to listen to me and cares about me deeply. 我最好的朋友总是愿意听我说话并且深深关心我。

适用:写“一个对我重要的人”。

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