READING B · 阅读理解 · 细节 + 判断

如何交朋友 · 阅读策略精讲

How to Make Friends · 定位词同色高亮 + 波浪线答案依据

5 题 · 16-20同色定位词波浪线答案依据NOT TRUE 判断题题目中文翻译
图例 LEGEND 16 题定位词 17 题定位词 18 题定位词 19 题定位词 20 题定位词 同一颜色 = 同一题的定位词；波浪线 = 答案依据所在句

一、阅读原文

PASSAGE · 先读题找定位词，再回原文找同色标记

P1 Everyone needs friends. There is an old saying, "Friends are God's way of taking care of us." But how do you find real friendship and keep it?

P2 The American writer Sally Seamans tells young students some wise ways to find friends. Sally says finding friendship is just like planting a tree. You plant the seed and take care of it to make it grow.

P3 First, you should choose a friend. What makes a good friend? It is not because a person has money or good looks. A good friend should be kind and patient. For example, if you have a bad day, a good friend should listen to your complaints and do his or her best to help you. To make a friend, you cannot be too shy. You should make each other happy and share your life.

P4 But things cannot always be happy. Even the best friends have fights. What should you do when you have a fight with your friend? You have to talk to him or her. When there is no one around, have an honest talk. If he or she doesn't want to talk, you could write a letter.

P5 There are three steps to become friends again: Tell him or her how you are feeling; say what your friend has done wrong; and explain why you did this or that. Remember that friendship is the most important thing in your life.

16

Sally wants to tell students the ways to ____.

Sally 想告诉学生们____的方法。

细节理解题 · 同义替换

  • A. make friends交朋友

    同义改写：原文 ways to find friends = ways to make friends，正确答案。

  • B. plant trees种树

    张冠李戴：种树只是比喻（finding friendship is like planting a tree）。

  • C. get happy开心

    偏离：文章主题是交朋友的方法。

  • D. fight friends和朋友们打架

    无中生有：文章讲的是吵架后怎么和好，不是打架。

定位题干关键词 ways to → 回 P2 “some wise ways to find friends”。
依据原文 some wise ways to find friends —— 教学生“交朋友的方法”。
答案A。find friends = make friends（同义替换）；B 是比喻，C/D 无中生有。
17

What makes good friends? A good friend should ____.

什么造就好朋友？好朋友应该____。

细节理解题

  • A. be lovely and cool可爱又酷

    无中生有：原文没有“可爱又酷”的说法。

  • B. be kind and patient善良又有耐心

    原文原句 “A good friend should be kind and patient”，正确答案。

  • C. have lots of money有很多钱

    原文明确否定：“It is not because a person has money or good looks”。

  • D. have good looks长得好看

    同 C：原文否定“钱和长相不是好朋友的标准”。

定位题干关键词 good friends → 回 P3 “What makes a good friend?”。
依据原文 A good friend should be kind and patient。
答案B。C/D 是原文明确否定的内容（not because…money or good looks）。
18

If you have a bad day, a good friend should ____.

如果你心情不好，好朋友应该____。

细节理解题

  • A. fight with you和你吵架

    与原文“help you”完全相反。

  • B. not talk with you不和你说话

    与原文“listen to you”相反。

  • C. listen to your complaints倾听你的抱怨

    原文原句复现，正确答案。

  • D. not help you不帮助你

    与原文“do his or her best to help you”相反。

定位题干关键词 bad day → 回 P3 举例句。
依据原文 a good friend should listen to your complaints and do his or her best to help you。
答案C。A/B/D 都是对原文的否定歪曲；细节题直接对应原句即可。
19

According to the passage, you can ____ your friend after a fight.

根据文章，吵架后你可以____你的朋友。

细节理解题

  • A. buy a present for买礼物给

    无中生有：文中没有送礼物的建议。

  • B. never say a word to再也不和……说话

    与原文“You have to talk to him or her”相反。

  • C. have dinner with和……吃晚饭

    无中生有：文中没有“吃饭”的建议。

  • D. write a letter to写信给

    原文 “If he or she doesn't want to talk, you could write a letter”，正确答案。

定位题干关键词 after a fight → 回 P4。
依据原文 If he or she doesn't want to talk, you could write a letter —— 不愿谈就写信。
答案D。A/C 无中生有，B 与原文相反。
20

Which of the following sentences is NOT TRUE?

下面哪句话是不正确的？

细节判断题 · NOT TRUE

  • A. The friendship is the most important thing in your life.友谊是你生命中最重要的事。

    原文 P5 原句 “friendship is the most important thing”，TRUE，排除。

  • B. Friends are God's way of taking care of us.朋友是上帝照顾我们的方式。

    P1 引用原句，TRUE，排除。

  • C. If you have a fight with your friends, don't talk to her or him again.如果和朋友吵架，就再也不和他/她说话。

    与原文 P4 “You have to talk to him or her” 矛盾，NOT TRUE，正确答案。

  • D. To make a friend, you should make each other happy and share your life.交朋友要互相开心、分享生活。

    P3 原句复现，TRUE，排除。

定位NOT TRUE 题 → 逐项回原文核对：A→P5、B→P1、C→P4、D→P3。
依据P4 原文 You have to talk to him or her —— 吵架后必须沟通；C 说“再也不说话”完全相反。
答案C。NOT TRUE 题先把每个选项和原文比对，与原文矛盾的就是答案。

文章精读

INTENSIVE READING · 词性标注 + 句型分析

按词性标注颜色读句子：绿色=动词，粉字=形容词，蓝字=副词，紫字=介词，橙字=连词，带底纹=词形变化。点击生词仍可查词典。

P1 · 友谊的价值

S1Everyone needs friends.每个人都需要朋友。

S2There is an old saying, "…"有一句老话：……

S3But how do you find real friendship and keep it?但你怎样才能找到真正的友谊并保持它呢？

P2 · 作家的比喻

S1The American writer Sally Seamans tells young students some wise ways to find friends.美国作家莎莉·希曼斯教年轻学生一些交友的明智方法。

S2Sally says finding friendship is just like planting a tree.莎莉说交朋友就像种树一样。

S3You plant the seed and take care of it to make it grow.你种下种子并照顾它，让它成长。

P3 · 好朋友的标准

S1A good friend should be kind and patient.好朋友应该善良又有耐心。

S2For example, if you have a bad day, a good friend should listen to your complaints and do his or her best to help you.例如，如果你心情不好，好朋友应该倾听你的抱怨并尽力帮助你。

S3To make a friend, you cannot be too shy.要交朋友，你不能太害羞。

S4You should make each other happy and share your life.你们应该让对方开心，并分享彼此的生活。

P4 · 吵架怎么办

S1You have to talk to him or her.你必须和他/她谈谈。

S2If he or she doesn't want to talk, you could write a letter.如果他/她不想谈，你可以写一封信。

P5 · 和好的三步

S1There are three steps to become friends again: …和好有三个步骤：……

S2Remember that friendship is the most important thing in your life.记住，友谊是你生命中最重要的事。

作文金句仿写

WRITING BOOST · 黑色为框架，灰色底纹为可替换词

把文中的好句子拆成“句型框架”，换上你自己的词，就能写出漂亮的句子。

金句 1 Friends are God's way of taking care of us.

Books / Sports / Music are God's / nature's / life's way of taking care of us / making us happy / opening our eyes.

仿写：Books are life's way of opening our eyes. 书籍是生活打开我们眼界的方式。

适用：用比喻句升华主题。

金句 2 Finding friendship is just like planting a tree. You plant the seed and take care of it to make it grow.

Learning English / Keeping a hobby / Building trust is just like planting a tree / watering a flower. You start small / practise every day and take care of it to make it grow.

仿写：Learning English is just like planting a tree. You practise every day and take care of it to make it grow. 学英语就像种树，每天练习、用心浇灌才能成长。

适用：写“坚持与积累”的比喻。

金句 3 A good friend should be kind and patient.

A good friend should be kind and patient / honest and helpful / friendly and understanding.

仿写：A good friend should be honest and helpful. 好朋友应该诚实又乐于助人。

适用：描写人物品质。

金句 4 Remember that friendship is the most important thing in your life.

Remember that friendship / health / family is the most important thing in your life.

仿写：Remember that health is the most important thing in your life. 记住，健康是你生命中最重要的事。

适用：结尾升华。

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