GRAMMAR FILL · 语法填空 · 10 空(36-45)

语法填空精练 · Tiangong Kaiwu《天工开物》与宋应星

答案填入 + 提示词保留 + 逐空解析 + however / but 辨析 + 词性套色精读 + 语法精讲 6 讲与综合小测 8 题

36-45 · 10 空答案浅黄高亮逐空解析however 与 but 辨析词性套色精读语法精讲 6 讲 + 小测 8 题
图例 LEGEND 填入的参考答案 括号里的提示词(原词)或纯空号 黄色高亮 = 要填进空格的答案;蓝色虚线框 = 题干给出的提示词(必须变形后填入),只显示空号的 40、42、43、45 是「无提示词」的纯空格

一、文章(答案已填入)

PASSAGE · 黄色 = 答案 · 蓝框 = 提示词 · 点击生词可查词典

语法填空要点:① 有提示词的,先判断要填的词性——名词看单复数、动词看时态/语态/非谓语、形容词看比较级・最高级或变副词;② 没有提示词的纯空格,多半要填介词、冠词、连词、引导词等虚词,靠固定搭配和上下文逻辑判断;③ 填完把答案放回原文读一遍,语法和语义都通顺才算对。本文 36 考最高级,37 考名词变形容词,38 考被动语态,39 考序数词,40 考介词 as,41 考形容词变副词,42 考转折副词,43 考定冠词,44 考 including,45 考 so … that … 结构。

P1 Many of you should hear of the book Tiangong Kaiwu. It is one of the greatest 36 (great) encyclopedias written in the 17th century. But how much do you know about its intelligent 37 (intelligence) writer, Song Yingxing?

P2 Song was a great scientist. He was born 38 (bear) in 1587 and had a happy childhood. He and his brother Song Yingsheng went to school together. Song won the third 39 (three) place in the provincial Imperial Exam (省级科举考试). Later, they took the national Imperial Exam, but they both failed.

P3 Song worked as 40 a teacher for many years. Meanwhile, he took part in the national Imperial Exam for another four times. Unluckily 41 (lucky), he never got success. However 42, he learned about the technologies that were used in different fields on his repeated trips to take the exams. His wide knowledge made him finish writing Tiangong Kaiwu in the 43 1630s.

P4 The book covers more than 130 technologies, including 44 (include) many pictures to help with the understanding of the text. The book became popular soon after it came out.

P5 In Song’s final years, he wrote many articles and poems against (反对) the new king. The king was so angry that 45 he burned all of Song’s works. But Tiangong Kaiwu had already spread to many other countries.

二、逐空解析

ANALYSIS · 每空:考点 → 解析
36形容词最高级greatest
考点one of the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词=“最……的之一”。
解析空前是 one of the,空后是复数名词 encyclopedias,中间只能放形容词最高级。great 是单音节形容词,最高级直接加 -est → greatest,而且最高级前必须有 the(题干已给出)。句意:《天工开物》是 17 世纪写成的最伟大的百科全书之一。补充:one of… 作主语时中心词是 One,谓语用单数,所以前一句是 It is one of…(不是 are)。
37词性转换 · 名词 → 形容词intelligent
考点作定语修饰名词要用形容词,名词不能直接修饰名词(抽象名词)。
解析空后是名词 writer,空处要修饰它、作定语,因此把名词 intelligence(智力、智慧)变成形容词 intelligent(聪慧的)。句意:但你对它那位聪慧的作者宋应星了解多少呢?易错:不要填 intelligently(副词只能修饰动词、形容词或整句,不能修饰名词),也不要填 intelligence(名词不能作定语)。
38一般过去时的被动语态 · be bornwas born
考点be born=出生(出生是“被生下来”,本身含被动含义);主语第三人称单数+过去时间 → was born。
解析主语 He 是第三人称单数;时间状语 in 1587 表示过去,所以 be 动词用 was;bear(生育)的过去分词是 born。句意:他出生于 1587 年,童年幸福。注意:① 不能写 born 单独作谓语(born 是过去分词,不能单独作谓语);② 不能说 is born,因为人已经出生,用过去时;③ 同句后面的 had a happy childhood 也是一般过去时,时态前后一致。
39基数词 → 序数词third
考点表示“第几名、第几个”要用序数词;序数词前常加 the。
解析空前有 the,空后是名词 place,这里说的是“第三名”,所以用序数词 third(three → third,属于不规则变化)。句意:宋应星在省级科举考试中获得了第三名。易错:不要填 three(基数词只表示数量“三个”,不能说 the three place),也不要填 thirdly(副词“第三点”,用于列举)。
40介词 · 固定搭配 work asas
考点work as + 职业=从事……工作、作为……工作;as 是介词,后接名词。
解析本空没有提示词,属于纯空格,先想虚词。空前是谓语 worked,空后是 a teacher(名词),表示“身份、作为”,所以填介词 as。句意:宋应星作为老师工作了很多年。易错:like 表示“像……一样”,句意不通;for 表示“为了”,也不能表示身份;同理还有 be famous as(作为……而出名)、be known as(被称为)。
41词性转换 · 形容词 → 副词(评论性状语)Unluckily
考点空处作整个句子的状语,句首且有逗号 → 用副词,首字母大写。
解析lucky(形容词,幸运的)→ luckily(副词,幸运的是)→ Unluckily(副词,不幸的是)。前文说他四次赴考都没考中,这里用否定意义的副词作评论性状语最贴切。句意:不幸的是,他一直没有成功。易错:① 不能填 Unlucky(形容词不能作状语);② 句首必须大写首字母 U;③ 后面有逗号,逗号不能漏(副词作评论性状语时通常用逗号与主句隔开)。
42转折副词 · HoweverHowever
考点句首 + 逗号,表示句间转折,用连接副词 However(首字母大写)。
解析上一句说“他一直没考中(never got success)”,本句说“他却了解到了不同领域使用的技术”,前后是转折关系。空位于句首、后面有逗号,所以用连接副词 However。句意:然而,他在多次赴考途中了解到了不同领域使用的技术。易错:不能填 But,因为 but 是并列连词,必须直接连接两个分句,不能像这样“句首 + 逗号”单独出现在句号之后(详见第三节);也不能填 Luckily,前一句刚用了 Unluckily,且此处强调转折而非幸运。
43定冠词 · in the + 年代the
考点in the + 年代复数=在……世纪……年代,必须有定冠词 the。
解析本空没有提示词,靠固定表达判断:in the 1630s=在 17 世纪 30 年代,其中 1630s 读作 sixteen thirties,前面必须加 the。句意:他渊博的知识使他在 17 世纪 30 年代写完了《天工开物》。同类表达:in the 1990s(在 20 世纪 90 年代)、in the 1980s。注意与 in 1990(在 1990 年,具体某一年,不加 the)区分。
44非谓语 · including 表“包括”including
考点including 常转化为介词,表示“包括……在内”,后接名词或代词。
解析空前的句子已经完整(The book covers more than 130 technologies),空后是名词短语 many pictures,需要一个能接名词、起补充说明作用的词,所以用 include 的现在分词 including。句意:这本书涵盖 130 多项技术,包括许多帮助理解文本的图片。易错:① 不能填 included,included 一般放在名词后面(many pictures included=许多图片被包括在内);② 不能填 include,它是谓语动词,本句已有谓语 covers,一个简单句不能有两个谓语。
45连词 · so … that … 结果状语从句that
考点so + 形容词/副词 + that 从句=如此……以至于……。
解析空前是 The king was so angry,空后是一个完整的句子 he burned all of Song’s works,中间需要一个连词把“结果”引出来,所以填 that。句意:国王如此生气,以至于烧掉了宋应星的所有著作。易错:① 不能填 so(so 已经在空前的 was so angry 里出现);② 不能填 because(前后不是原因关系,而是“太……以致于……”的结果关系);③ 辨析 so … that 与 such … that:so 后接形容词或副词,such 后接名词短语(such a good book that…)。

三、语法辨析 · however 与 but(为什么 42 空用 However)

WHY 42 = HOWEVER · 连接副词 vs 并列连词
原句第 42 空所在句However
定位Unluckily, he never got success. However, he learned about the technologies that were used in different fields on his repeated trips to take the exams.
解析第一句以句号结束,第二句另起一句,空的后面紧接着一个逗号,然后才是主语 he。也就是说:空处既不是“连接两个分句”,也没有分句在它前面——它只是第二句句首的一个状语,所以只能用副词 However,不能用连词 but。若要用 but,原句必须改写成:He never got success, but he learned about the technologies…(逗号 + but + 分句)。
however连接副词 adv.
词性副词(conjunctive adverb),起“连接”作用,但本身不是连词。
用法① 不能直接连接两个分句,前后要用句号或分号隔开:A. However, B./A; however, B.;② 后面通常加逗号;③ 位置灵活,可放句首(However, …)、句中(…, however, …)、句尾(…, however.)。本文 42 空属于“A. However, B.”这一种。
例句He never got success. However, he learned a lot. 他从未成功。然而,他学到了很多。/ He never got success; however, he learned a lot. 他从未成功;不过他学到了很多。
but并列连词 conj.
词性并列连词(coordinating conjunction),与 and / or / so / for 同类。
用法① 直接连接两个并列成分或两个分句,位置固定在两者中间;② 前面通常有逗号(A, but B.),but 后面不加逗号;③ 它不能单独出现在句首引导一个独立句子(口语中偶见,书面语不规范),也不能在句中、句尾自由移动。
本文例子Later, they took the national Imperial Exam, but they both failed. 后来他们参加了全国科举考试,但两人都落榜了。(这里空前是逗号、两个分句直接相连,所以只能用 but)
对比一张表看懂 42 空
对比项HoweverBut
词性连接副词 adv.并列连词 conj.
能否连接两个分句不能直接连,必须断开:A. However, B.能,直接连:A, but B.
标点后面常有逗号;前面用句号或分号前面常有逗号,后面不加逗号
位置句首 / 句中 / 句尾都可以只能放两个分句中间
本文 42 空✓ 空前是句号、空后是逗号 → 填 However✗ 若用 but,须改成 … got success, but he learned …
口诀看标点选词:“句首 + 逗号”选 However;“逗号 + 直接接分句”选 but。42 空属于前者,所以填 However。
41 vs 42Unluckily 与 However 有什么区别
相同点两空形式上是“一家人”:都是副词放在句首、后面都加逗号,都是“评论性状语”,所以都填副词、都要大写首字母。
不同点 · 语义① Unluckily 表达说话人的态度(评价这件事“不走运、可惜”),意思是“不幸的是”,它管的是它自己那一句:Unluckily, he never got success.=可惜的是,他从未成功。② However 表达两句之间的逻辑关系(转折),意思是“然而”,它管的是前一句和后一句:前面说他没考中,后面说他学到了技术,形成对比。简单说:Unluckily 是“态度词”,However 是“逻辑词”。
不同点 · 能否替换把 41 空换成 However 或把 42 空换成 Unluckily,语法上都还是副词(形式没错),但语义都不通:41 处“他从未成功”是对他命运的感叹,不是转折;42 处前一句的 Unluckily 已经表过态度,本空要的是“没考中”对“学到技术”的转折,所以两空不能互换。这也提醒我们:纯空格除了看词性,还要看上下文逻辑。
同类词Luckily(幸运的是)、Unfortunately(不幸的是)、Besides(此外)、Therefore(因此)、Meanwhile(与此同时/本文已用)、Firstly / Finally(列举)都是这种“句首 + 逗号”的副词状语。

四、文章精读

INTENSIVE READING · 词性套色 + 从句划线

精读说明:按《词性标注配色规则》套色——绿=谓语动词,绿底=不定式,墨绿+灰底=动名词,玫红=形容词/形容词性物主代词,玫红+粉底=分词,蓝=副词,紫=介词,橙=连词,橙底=that 类引导词,蓝底=wh- 类引导词,红=疑问词,深灰=冠词/代词/名词;句子下的橙色下划线=that 类从句,蓝色下划线=wh- 类从句。每句末尾的小喇叭可单独朗读该句,点击生词可查词典。

配色速查 谓语动词 不定式 动名词 形容词/物主代词 分词 副词 介词 连词 that 类引导词 wh- 类引导词 疑问词 冠词/代词/名词
P1 · 名著与作者

S1Many of you should hear of the book Tiangong Kaiwu.你们中很多人应该听说过《天工开物》这本书。

S2It is one of the greatest encyclopedias written in the 17th century.它是 17 世纪写成的、最伟大的百科全书之一。

S3But how much do you know about its intelligent writer, Song Yingxing?但你对它那位聪慧的作者宋应星了解多少呢?

P2 · 求学科举路

S1Song was a great scientist.宋应星是一位伟大的科学家。

S2He was born in 1587 and had a happy childhood.他出生于 1587 年,童年幸福。

S3He and his brother Song Yingsheng went to school together.他和弟弟宋应昇一起上学。

S4Song won the third place in the provincial Imperial Exam (省级科举考试).宋应星在省级科举考试中考取了第三名。

S5Later, they took the national Imperial Exam, but they both failed.后来,他们参加了全国性的科举考试,但两人都落榜了。

P3 · 失意中的收获

S1Song worked as a teacher for many years.宋应星当了多年老师。

S2Meanwhile, he took part in the national Imperial Exam for another four times.与此同时,他又参加了四次全国性的科举考试。

S3Unluckily, he never got success.不幸的是,他一直没有成功。

S4However, he learned about the technologies that were used in different fields on his repeated trips to take the exams.然而,他在多次赴考途中了解到了不同领域所使用的技术。

S5His wide knowledge made him finish writing Tiangong Kaiwu in the 1630s.他渊博的知识使他在 17 世纪 30 年代写完了《天工开物》。

P4 · 内容与流传

S1The book covers more than 130 technologies, including many pictures to help with the understanding of the text.这本书涵盖了 130 多项技术,其中包括许多帮助理解文本的图片。

S2The book became popular soon after it came out.这本书问世后不久就流行起来了。

P5 · 晚年的遭遇

S1In Song’s final years, he wrote many articles and poems against (反对) the new king.在宋应星的晚年,他写了许多反对新国王的文章和诗歌。

S2The king was so angry that he burned all of Song’s works.国王如此生气,以至于烧掉了宋应星的所有著作。

S3But Tiangong Kaiwu had already spread to many other countries.但是《天工开物》已经传播到了许多其他国家。

五、作文金句仿写

WRITING · 用本文句型写出自己的句子
金句 1It is one of the greatest encyclopedias written in the 17th century.
框架:It is one of the greatest / most famous / oldest encyclopedias / books / inventions written / made / built in the 17th century / Tang Dynasty.
仿写:It is one of the most famous inventions made in ancient China.
它是古代中国最著名的发明之一。
适用:介绍传统文化、名胜古迹、发明创造——“最……的之一”+过去分词作定语,一句话就能写出高级感。注意 one of the 后必须接最高级和复数名词。
金句 2Song worked as a teacher for many years.
框架:Song / My uncle / She worked as a teacher / as a doctor / as a volunteer for many years / three years.
仿写:My uncle worked as a volunteer in Shenzhen for three years.
我叔叔在深圳当了三年志愿者。
适用:介绍人物经历(工作、身份)。记住 work as + 职业=作为……工作,for + 时间段表示持续多久。
金句 3However, he learned about the technologies that were used in different fields.
框架:However, he / she learned about the technologies / the skills / the culture that were / was used in different fields / daily life / the countryside.
仿写:However, she learned about the skills that were used in daily life.
然而,她了解到了日常生活中使用的技能。
适用:写“看似失败,其实有收获”的转折段。However 放句首加逗号,后面用 that 引导的定语从句(that were used…)增加细节,得分点很稳。
金句 4His wide knowledge made him finish writing Tiangong Kaiwu in the 1630s.
框架:His / Her wide knowledge / hard work / rich experience made him / her / me finish writing / reading / doing Tiangong Kaiwu / the project / the task in the 1630s / the 1990s.
仿写:Her hard work made her finish reading the book in the 1990s.
她的努力使她在这个世纪 90 年代读完了这本书。
适用:写“某人的品质/经历促成了一件大事”。两个得分点:make sb. do sth.(省略 to 的不定式)和 finish doing sth.(finish 后接动名词);in the + 年代必须加 the。

仿写建议:先把框架里的灰色 slot 换成自己的内容,再读一遍检查——① 最高级前有没有 the、one of 后名词有没有用复数;② 介词搭配对不对(work as / help with / learn about);③ make / finish 后的动词形式对不对(make sb. do;finish doing)。

六、语法精讲精练

GRAMMAR · 本文 6 个必考语法点 + 综合小测 8 题

1. one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词

ONE OF THE + SUPERLATIVE
表示“最……的之一”,结构是 one of the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词:① 最高级前必须加 the;② 后面的名词必须用复数;③ 这个短语作主语时,中心词是 One,所以谓语动词要用单数——It is one of the greatest encyclopedias…。形容词最高级的构成:单音节词加 -est(great → greatest),多音节词加 most(famous → most famous)。
①It is one of the greatest encyclopedias written in the 17th century.
它是 17 世纪写成的、最伟大的百科全书之一。(最高级 greatest + 复数名词 encyclopedias)
②He is one of the tallest students in our class.
他是我们班最高的学生之一。
③Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.
北京是中国最大的城市之一。

即时练习

①He is one of the ____ (tall) students in our class.
②Beijing is one of the ____ (large) cities in China.
③One of my ____ (friend) ____ (come) from Shenzhen.
查看答案与解析

① tallest:one of the 与复数名词 students 之间要用形容词最高级;tall 是单音节词,直接加 -est。
② largest:large 以不发音的 e 结尾,加 -st 即可,得 largest;后面 cities 是复数。
③ friends;comes:one of my + 复数名词,所以 friend → friends;这个短语作主语时中心词是 One,谓语用第三人称单数 comes。

2. 词性转换:名词、形容词、副词、序数词各就各位

WORD FORMATION
词性填空先看空处“干什么活”:① 作定语修饰名词 → 用形容词(its intelligent writer);② 作状语修饰动词或整个句子 → 用副词(Unluckily, he never got success.);③ 作主语或宾语 → 用名词;④ 表示“第几” → 用序数词(the third place)。常见转换:intelligence → intelligent;luck → lucky → luckily / unluckily;success → successful → successfully;three → third。
①But how much do you know about its intelligent writer, Song Yingxing?
但你对它那位聪慧的作者宋应星了解多少呢?(形容词作定语修饰 writer)
②Unluckily, he never got success.
不幸的是,他一直没有成功。(副词作评论性状语,修饰整句)
③Song won the third place in the provincial Imperial Exam.
宋应星在省级科举考试中考取了第三名。(序数词表示“第几”)

即时练习

①He is a ____ (success) writer.
②____ (lucky), she passed the exam.
③It’s my ____ (two) time to visit Beijing.
查看答案与解析

① successful:空后是名词 writer,需要形容词作定语,success → successful。
② Luckily:空处作整句的状语,修饰后面整个句子,用副词且句首首字母大写,lucky → luckily → Luckily。
③ second:表示“第几次”用序数词,two → second(不规则变化)。

3. be born 与一般过去时的被动语态

BE BORN · PASSIVE VOICE
be born 表示“出生”,本身含被动含义(人是“被生下来”的),所以不能用主动形式 born;一般过去时的被动语态结构为 was / were + 过去分词:主语单数用 was,复数用 were。判断被动语态三步走:① 主语是动作的承受者还是执行者;② 时间状语定时态;③ 主语单复数定 was / were。本文的被动结构还有 were used(被使用)。
①He was born in 1587 and had a happy childhood.
他出生于 1587 年,童年幸福。(in 1587 是过去时间,主语 He 是单数)
②… the technologies that were used in different fields …
……不同领域所使用的技术……(that 指 technologies,是复数,用 were used)
③The bridge was built in 1998.
这座桥建于 1998 年。(桥是被建造的,用 was + 过去分词)

即时练习

①My sister ____ (bear) in 2015.
②The bridge ____ (build) in 1998.
③These books ____ (write) by him.
查看答案与解析

① was born:be born 表示出生,in 2015 是过去时间,主语 My sister 是单数,用 was born。
② was built:桥是“被建造”的,用被动语态;in 1998 表示过去,主语单数 → was + built。
③ were written:书是“被写”的;主语 These books 是复数,用 were + write 的过去分词 written。

4. 副词作评论性状语 & however 与 but 的区别

CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS
Unluckily / Luckily / However / Besides / Therefore 等副词常放在句首,后面加逗号,用来表达说话人的态度或句子之间的逻辑关系,称为评论性状语/连接副词。However 表转折,是副词:它不能连接两个分句,前后必须用句号或分号断开(A. However, B.);but 是并列连词:它直接连接两个分句,位置固定在中间,后面不加逗号(A, but B.)。选词口诀:“句首 + 逗号”用 However,“逗号 + 直接接分句”用 but。
①Unluckily, he never got success.
不幸的是,他一直没有成功。(副词表达态度,句首 + 逗号)
②He never got success. However, he learned about the technologies…
他一直没有成功。然而,他了解到了那些技术……(however 前面是句号,本身不是连词)
③Later, they took the national Imperial Exam, but they both failed.
后来他们参加了全国性的科举考试,但两人都落榜了。(but 直接连接两个分句,后面不加逗号)

即时练习

①____ (luck), he didn’t hurt himself.
②He was tired. ____ , he kept working.
③He was tired, ____ he kept working.
查看答案与解析

① Luckily:空处作整句状语,用副词且句首大写;luck → lucky → luckily → Luckily。
② However:前面是句号,空后是逗号,属于“A. However, B.”结构,用连接副词 However 表转折。
③ but:空前是逗号、空后直接跟分句 he kept working,属于“A, but B.”结构,用并列连词 but;此处不能用 However。

5. 冠词与固定表达(in the 1630s / work as / so … that …)

ARTICLES & FIXED PATTERNS
① in the + 年代复数=在……世纪……年代:in the 1630s、in the 1990s;但具体某一年不加 the(in 1990)。② work as + 职业=作为……工作(as 是介词,后接名词):work as a teacher。③ so + 形容词/副词 + that 从句=如此……以至于……:The king was so angry that he burned all of Song’s works.;若后面是名词短语则用 such … that …(such a good book that…)。
①His wide knowledge made him finish writing Tiangong Kaiwu in the 1630s.
他渊博的知识使他在 17 世纪 30 年代写完了《天工开物》。(in the + 年代必须有 the)
②Song worked as a teacher for many years.
宋应星当了多年老师。(work as + 职业)
③The king was so angry that he burned all of Song’s works.
国王如此生气,以至于烧掉了宋应星的所有著作。(so … that … 结果状语从句)

即时练习

①He worked ____ a doctor for ten years.
②She was born in ____ 1990s.
③The box was ____ heavy ____ I couldn’t carry it.
查看答案与解析

① as:work as + 职业,表示“作为……工作”,as 是介词。
② the:in the + 年代复数,1990s 前必须加定冠词 the,表示“20 世纪 90 年代”。
③ so; that:heavy 是形容词,用 so + adj. + that 从句表示“如此……以至于……”;注意 such 后接名词短语。

6. including 与 -ing 形式(动名词)

INCLUDING & -ING FORMS
including 常作介词,表示“包括……在内”,后面接名词或代词:130 technologies, including many pictures;而 included 一般放在名词后面:many pictures included。另外,介词后和部分动词后(finish / enjoy / mind / practise / keep)必须用 doing(动名词):made him finish writing Tiangong Kaiwu。记住:一个简单句只能有一个谓语,句子已有谓语 covers 时,include 要变成非谓语 including。
①The book covers more than 130 technologies, including many pictures to help with the understanding of the text.
这本书涵盖了 130 多项技术,其中包括许多帮助理解文本的图片。
②His wide knowledge made him finish writing Tiangong Kaiwu in the 1630s.
他渊博的知识使他在 17 世纪 30 年代写完了《天工开物》。(finish doing sth.)
③Ten students, including me, went there./Ten students went there, me included.
包括我在内的十名学生去了那里。/十名学生去了那里,包括我。

即时练习

①Ten students, ____ (include) me, went there.
②He finished ____ (read) the book.
③Thank you for ____ (help) me.
查看答案与解析

① including:空后是代词 me,用 including 表示“包括……在内”,相当于介词。
② reading:finish 后接动名词,finish doing sth.=做完某事,所以用 reading。
③ helping:for 是介词,介词后要用动名词,所以 help → helping。

综合小测(8 题)

1She is one of the ____ girls in our class. A. tall B. tallest C. taller
2He is a ____ (success) actor. A. success B. successful C. successfully
3My brother ____ in 2010. A. born B. was born C. is born
4He got the ____ place in the race. A. two B. second C. twice
5He worked ____ a teacher in a village. A. as B. like C. for
6____ , he missed the last bus. A. Lucky B. Unluckily C. Unlucky
7He was tired. ____ , he finished the work. A. But B. However C. Although
8The hall was ____ big ____ it could hold 1,000 people. A. so; that B. too; to C. such; that
查看 8 题答案与解析

1. B one of the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词,所以用 tallest。A 项 tall 是原级,C 项 taller 是比较级,都不能用在 one of the 之后。
2. B 空后是名词 actor,需要形容词作定语,success → successful。A 项是名词,C 项是副词(只能修饰动词或整句)。
3. B in 2010 是过去时间,be born 表示“出生”,主语 My brother 是单数 → was born。A 项 born 不能单独作谓语,C 项 is born 时态错误。
4. B 表示“第几名”用序数词,two → second。A 项 two 是基数词,C 项 twice 表示“两次”,都不合句意。
5. A work as + 职业=作为……工作。B 项 like 意为“像……一样”,C 项 for 表示目的,都不能表示身份。
6. B 空处作整句状语,句首且后有逗号,要用副词并大写首字母 → Unluckily。A、C 都是形容词,不能作状语。
7. B 前后是两句,空后紧跟逗号,属于“A. However, B.”结构,用连接副词 However。A 项 But 是连词,不能这样单独放句首加逗号;C 项 Although 引导让步状语从句,不能单独接逗号。
8. A big 是形容词,用 so + adj. + that 从句表示“如此……以至于……”;B 项 too … to … 后接动词原形,句中 it could hold 是完整句子;C 项 such 后应接名词短语(such a big hall that…)。

一句话总结:语法填空分两步——有提示词的先定词性:名词管单复数、动词管时态语态、形容词管比较等级或变副词(本文 36 greatest / 37 intelligent / 38 was born / 39 third / 41 Unluckily / 44 including);无提示词的先想虚词:介词、冠词、连词、引导词(本文 40 as / 42 However / 43 the / 45 that)。填完把答案放回原文,语法和语义都通顺才算对。