一、文章
PASSAGE · 点击任意单词可查词典
①
Throughout history, people have always looked for knowledge. This led to the creation of many important encyclopaedias.
Ancient Rome
②
The earliest encyclopaedia on record is Natural History by Pliny. He wrote about his knowledge of ancient Rome. Although many of his writings were true, some were hard to believe, like the Sciapodae people with one foot as big as an umbrella! However, Pliny never finished improving his work because he went to Pompeii in 79 AD to visit Mount Vesuvius and died in the eruption (火山爆发).
Ancient China
③
From the 10th to the 17th centuries, the Chinese government asked many clever people to make encyclopaedias. In the 11th century, they wrote Four Great Books of Song to collect all the information about the new Song dynasty. In 1408, China completed Yongle Encyclopaedia. It was the largest encyclopaedia until Wikipedia came along about six hundred years later.
Enlightenment Ideas (启蒙思想)
④
When printing became common, encyclopaedias grew popular and important. During the Enlightenment, a famous encyclopaedia called Encyclopédie came out in France in 1751. Editor Diderot wanted it to “change the way people think” and help the rising middle class teach themselves. Also, the ideas in the book encouraged people to question the king’s rule. This helped lay the cultural foundation (基础) for the French Revolution (法国大革命).
The Internet Age
⑤
As the world went online, knowledge grew, too. Internet encyclopaedias started in the early 1990s. By 2001, Wikipedia came out. In 2004, it became the biggest encyclopaedia with 300,000 articles. By 2022, it had 6.5 million articles with pictures, videos, and more, making a lot of information easy to find online.
原卷说明:本文共 5 段,段首编号 ①②③④⑤,中间有四个小标题 Ancient Rome、Ancient China、Enlightenment Ideas (启蒙思想)、The Internet Age,第 ② 段前有百科全书书影插图。第 17 题是“据文作答”题:文中说《永乐大典》“was the largest encyclopaedia until Wikipedia came along about six hundred years later”,1408 年再加约六百年正是 2000 年前后,所以 20 世纪 80 年代初它仍然是世界上最大的百科全书。
三、文章精读
INTENSIVE READING · 词性套色 + 从句划线
精读说明:按《词性标注配色规则》套色——绿=谓语动词,绿底=不定式,墨绿+灰底=动名词,玫红=形容词/形容词性物主代词,玫红+粉底=分词,蓝=副词,紫=介词,橙=连词,橙底=that 类引导词,蓝底=wh- 类引导词,红=疑问词,深灰=冠词/代词/名词;句子下的橙色下划线=that 类从句,蓝色下划线=wh- 类从句。每句句首保留原文段落编号 ①②③④⑤,每句末尾的小喇叭可单独朗读该句,点击生词可查词典。
配色速查
谓语动词
不定式
动名词
形容词/物主代词
分词
副词
介词
连词
that 类引导词
wh- 类引导词
疑问词
冠词/代词/名词
① 纵观历史 · 知识的追寻
①S1Throughout history, people have always looked for knowledge.纵观历史,人们一直在寻找知识。
①S2This led to the creation of many important encyclopaedias.这促成了许多重要百科全书的诞生。
② Ancient Rome · 古罗马
②S1The earliest encyclopaedia on record is Natural History by Pliny.有记载以来最早的百科全书是普林尼的《自然史》。
②S2He wrote about his knowledge of ancient Rome.他写下了自己对古罗马的了解。
②S3Although many of his writings were true, some were hard to believe, like the Sciapodae people with one foot as big as an umbrella!尽管他的许多记载是真实的,但有些却令人难以置信,比如只有一只脚、脚大如伞的“影足人”!
②S4However, Pliny never finished improving his work because he went to Pompeii in 79 AD to visit Mount Vesuvius and died in the eruption .然而,普林尼始终没能完成对这部作品的改进,因为他在公元 79 年前往庞贝城参观维苏威火山,并死于那次火山爆发。
③ Ancient China · 古代中国
③S1From the 10th to the 17th centuries, the Chinese government asked many clever people to make encyclopaedias.从 10 世纪到 17 世纪,中国政府请了许多聪明人来编写百科全书。
③S2In the 11th century, they wrote Four Great Books of Song to collect all the information about the new Song dynasty.11 世纪,他们编写了《宋四大书》,以收集关于新建立的宋朝的所有资料。
③S3In 1408, China completed Yongle Encyclopaedia.1408 年,中国完成了《永乐大典》。
③S4It was the largest encyclopaedia until Wikipedia came along about six hundred years later.直到大约六百年后维基百科出现之前,它一直是最大的百科全书。
④ Enlightenment Ideas (启蒙思想) · 启蒙思想
④S1When printing became common, encyclopaedias grew popular and important.当印刷变得普及时,百科全书变得流行而重要。
④S2During the Enlightenment, a famous encyclopaedia called Encyclopédie came out in France in 1751.启蒙运动期间,一部名为《百科全书》(Encyclopédie)的著名百科全书于 1751 年在法国问世。
④S3Editor Diderot wanted it to “change the way people think” and help the rising middle class teach themselves.主编狄德罗希望它“改变人们的思维方式”,并帮助正在崛起的中产阶级自学。
④S4Also, the ideas in the book encouraged people to question the king’s rule.此外,书中的思想鼓励人们质疑国王的统治。
④S5This helped lay the cultural foundation for the French Revolution .这为法国大革命奠定了文化基础。
⑤ The Internet Age · 互联网时代
⑤S1As the world went online, knowledge grew, too.随着世界走向网络化,知识也在增长。
⑤S2Internet encyclopaedias started in the early 1990s.网络百科全书始于 20 世纪 90 年代初。
⑤S3By 2001, Wikipedia came out.到 2001 年,维基百科问世。
⑤S4In 2004, it became the biggest encyclopaedia with 300,000 articles.2004 年,它成为最大的百科全书,拥有 30 万篇条目。
⑤S5By 2022, it had 6.5 million articles with pictures, videos, and more, making a lot of information easy to find online.到 2022 年,它拥有 650 万篇条目,配有图片、视频等,使大量信息可以在网上轻松找到。
四、作文金句仿写
WRITING BOOST · 黑色为框架,灰色底纹为可替换词
把文中的好句子拆成“句型框架”,换上你自己的词,就能写出漂亮的句子。
金句 1
Throughout history, people have always looked for knowledge.
Throughout history, people / humans / Chinese people have always looked for knowledge / worked hard / helped each other.
仿写:Throughout history, Chinese people have always worked hard. 纵观历史,中国人民一直勤劳奋斗。
适用:作文开头,表达“自古以来人们一直……”(现在完成时 have always done)。
金句 2
This led to the creation of many important encyclopaedias.
This led to the creation of many important encyclopaedias / a new way of learning / a great invention.
仿写:This led to the creation of a new way of learning. 这促成了新的学习方式的诞生。
适用:说明“某事促成了某物的产生”(lead to the creation of ...,lead to 中的 to 是介词)。
金句 3
When printing became common, encyclopaedias grew popular and important.
When printing / the Internet / online shopping became common, encyclopaedias / e-books / mobile phones grew popular and important.
仿写:When the Internet became common, e-books grew popular and important. 当互联网变得普及时,电子书变得流行而重要。
适用:用 When 引导的时间状语从句写“当……变得普遍时,……也随之兴起”(grow + 形容词)。