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Pi Day · 圆周率日（说明文）

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PI DAY
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阅读原文

Passage · 圆周率日的由来与庆祝方式

P1March 14th is a great day for fans of maths. It is celebrated as Pi (π) Day, a day to celebrate the number that many people know very well. The date copies from the first three numbers of Pi. March is the third month and the 14th means one and four. Altogether it is 3.14. Pi comes wherever there are circles. Pi has been known for thousands of years and gets its name from the Greek letter, π. The Greeks are believed to be the earliest to use the letter in maths. The first Pi Day was celebrated on March 14th, 1988.

P2San Francisco's Exploratorium Science Museum started the event. The museum marked the day with a daylong celebration. March 14th is also the birthday of the famous scientist Albert Einstein. Princeton University, where Einstein worked for many years, celebrates Pi Day as well. In 2019, the UNESCO set the day, March 14th, as the International Day of Mathematics. And March 14th, 2019 also marked the one-year anniversary of the death of Stephen Hawking. And how do people celebrate the Pi Day? Maybe you can try these ideas:

P3Eat or make different kinds of pies (for example, apple pies, cherry pies, and even pizza pies). Celebrate the day with a pie cut using the mathematical constant (常数), π. Discuss the importance of the letter π. Watch Life of Pi in cinemas. Look for the number 3.14 in every place (such as prices and street numbers).

1
Which of the following like to celebrate Pi Day most probably?

下列哪类人最可能喜欢庆祝圆周率日？

细节理解

  • A. Greek students.希腊学生

    希腊人只是最早用 π 字母，不等于爱过节。

  • B. Movie fans.影迷

    电影只是庆祝方式之一。

  • C. Maths lovers.数学爱好者

    首句“对数学爱好者来说这是好日子”，答案 C。

  • D. Engineers.工程师

    无中生有：文中没提工程师。

定位Q1 定位词：fans of maths → P1 首句。
依据“March 14th is a great day for fans of maths” —— 数学爱好者的好日子。
答案C。fans of maths = maths lovers 同义替换。
2
When did Pi Day start as a celebration?

圆周率日是什么时候开始庆祝的？

细节理解

  • A. About thousands of years ago.大约几千年前

    几千年前是“π 被认识”，不是节日开始。

  • B. On March 14th, 1988.1988 年 3 月 14 日

    原文“第一个圆周率日于 1988 年 3 月 14 日庆祝”，答案 B。

  • C. On March 14th, 2009.2009 年 3 月 14 日

    无中生有：文中没有 2009。

  • D. On March 14th, 2019.2019 年 3 月 14 日

    2019 是定为“国际数学日”，不是节日开端。

定位Q2 定位词：first Pi Day → P1 尾句。
依据“The first Pi Day was celebrated on March 14th, 1988.”
答案B。时间细节直接定位原句。
3
Which activity may NOT happen on Pi Day?

下列哪项活动可能不会在圆周率日发生？

细节判断

  • A. People make apple pies.人们做苹果派。

    P3 提到吃/做各种派，可能发生。

  • B. Students take photos of the price tag with $3.12.学生拍 3.12 美元的价格标签。

    原文是找 3.14，不是 3.12 —— 数字不符，答案 B。

  • C. Life of Pi is shown in cinemas.电影院放映《少年派的奇幻漂流》。

    P3 明确建议观看，可能发生。

  • D. People talk about the achievements of Einstein.人们谈论爱因斯坦的成就。

    3 月 14 日是爱因斯坦生日，可能发生。

定位Q3 定位词：pies / Life of Pi / 3.14 → P3 建议清单。
依据P3 建议“找 3.14”（prices and street numbers），B 选项的 3.12 与之矛盾。
答案B。否定式细节题：找出与原文不符的数字。
4
Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

根据文章，下列哪项不正确？

判断正误

  • A. People think the Greeks are the earliest to use the letter π in maths.人们认为希腊人最早在数学中使用 π。

    原文有据（believe the earliest），正确。

  • B. The Greek letter π has the same pronunciation as pie.希腊字母 π 的发音和派（pie）一样。

    Pi 与 pie 同音（节日双关），正确。

  • C. Stephen Hawking died in 2018.霍金于 2018 年去世。

    2019 年 3 月 14 日是他去世一周年 → 死于 2018，正确。

  • D. Einstein worked in San Francisco's Exploratorium Science Museum before.爱因斯坦曾在旧金山探索博物馆工作。

    原文：爱因斯坦在普林斯顿大学工作多年，博物馆只是发起方，答案 D。

定位Q4 定位词：Einstein / Exploratorium → P2。
依据“Princeton University, where Einstein worked for many years” —— 爱因斯坦在普林斯顿工作，不在博物馆。
答案D。张冠李戴题：把 A 的机构安到 B 身上。
5
Why did the writer write this passage?

作者为什么写这篇文章？

写作目的

  • A. To celebrate Pi Day.庆祝圆周率日

    文章是“介绍”，不是替读者过节。

  • B. To solve difficult maths problems.解决数学难题

    文章没有任何数学题。

  • C. To introduce Pi Day.介绍圆周率日

    全文讲由来、历史、庆祝方式，是介绍性文章，答案 C。

  • D. To help students learn maths well.帮助学生学好数学

    与学习指导无关，是节日科普。

定位写作目的题 → 看全文结构：由来 → 历史 → 庆祝建议。
依据客观科普、提供庆祝点子，目的是“介绍 Pi Day”。
答案C。目的题排除以偏概全（A）与无关项。

文章精读

INTENSIVE READING · 词性标注 + 句型分析

按词性标注颜色读句子：绿色=动词，粉字=形容词，蓝字=副词，紫字=介词，橙字=连词，带底纹=词形变化。点击生词仍可查词典。

P1 · 什么是圆周率日

S1March 14th is a great day for fans of maths.3 月 14 日对数学爱好者来说是伟大的一天。

S2It is celebrated as Pi Day, a day to celebrate the number that many people know very well.这一天被庆祝为圆周率日，用以庆祝那个很多人都很熟悉的数字。

S3The date copies from the first three numbers of Pi.这个日期取自圆周率的前三个数字。

S4March is the third month and the 14th means one and four.三月是第三个月，14 代表一和四。

S5Altogether it is 3.14.合起来就是 3.14。

S6Pi comes wherever there are circles.只要有圆，就有圆周率。

S7Pi has been known for thousands of years and gets its name from the Greek letter, π.圆周率已为人所知数千年，其名称来自希腊字母 π。

S8The Greeks are believed to be the earliest to use the letter in maths.据信希腊人最早在数学中使用这个字母。

S9The first Pi Day was celebrated on March 14th, 1988.第一个圆周率日于 1988 年 3 月 14 日庆祝。

P2 · 节日发展

S1San Francisco's Exploratorium Science Museum started the event.旧金山的探索博物馆发起了这项活动。

S2The museum marked the day with a daylong celebration.博物馆用一整天的庆祝活动来纪念这一天。

S3March 14th is also the birthday of the famous scientist Albert Einstein.3 月 14 日也是著名科学家爱因斯坦的生日。

S4Princeton University, where Einstein worked for many years, celebrates Pi Day as well.爱因斯坦工作多年的普林斯顿大学也会庆祝圆周率日。

S5In 2019, the UNESCO set the day, March 14th, as the International Day of Mathematics.2019 年，联合国教科文组织将 3 月 14 日定为国际数学日。

S6And March 14th, 2019 also marked the one-year anniversary of the death of Stephen Hawking.2019 年 3 月 14 日也是霍金逝世一周年。

S7And how do people celebrate the Pi Day?那么人们怎样庆祝圆周率日呢？

S8Maybe you can try these ideas:也许你可以试试这些主意：

P3 · 庆祝方式

S1Eat or make different kinds of pies.吃或做不同种类的派。

S2Celebrate the day with a pie cut using the mathematical constant, π.用一个按数学常数 π 切开的派来庆祝这一天。

S3Discuss the importance of the letter π.讨论字母 π 的重要性。

S4Watch Life of Pi in cinemas.去电影院看《少年派的奇幻漂流》。

S5Look for the number 3.14 in every place.在每一处寻找数字 3.14。

作文金句仿写

WRITING BOOST · 黑色为框架，灰色底纹为可替换词

把文中的好句子拆成“句型框架”，换上你自己的词，就能写出漂亮的句子。

金句 1March 14th is a great day for fans of maths.

March 14th / World Book Day / The weekend is a great day for fans of maths / book lovers / students.

仿写：World Book Day is a great day for book lovers. 世界读书日对爱书人来说是美好的一天。

适用：介绍某个特殊日子。

金句 2Princeton University, where Einstein worked for many years, celebrates Pi Day as well.

My hometown / Our school / The library, where Einstein worked / I studied / we read, celebrates / is / has Pi Day / a long history / many books.

仿写：My hometown, where I grew up, has a long history. 我的家乡，我长大的地方，历史悠久。

适用：非限制性定语从句补充说明。

金句 3Pi comes wherever there are circles.

Pi / Maths / Kindness comes / appears / matters wherever there are circles / there are problems / you go.

仿写：Kindness matters wherever you go. 无论你走到哪里，善良都很重要。

适用：wherever 引导的让步状语从句。

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