IELTS 4.0 基础使用者 · Unit 2 · 文章精读
The old man and the king 老人与国王
原文精读 · 词汇词组 · 语法和从句分析
名词/冠词/代词/数字
动词
不定式
动名词
现在分词
形容词
副词
介词
连词
引导词 that
引导词 when/原因
一、原文精读
1A long time ago, there was a king in India.
很久以前，印度有一位国王。
2The king's favourite game was chess.
国王最喜欢的游戏是国际象棋。
3One day, a wise old man came to the palace and the king challenged him to a game.
一天，一位智慧的老人来到宫殿，国王向他挑战一局棋。
4“You can have any prize if you win the game,” the king promised the old man.
“如果你赢了这局棋，你想要什么奖赏都可以，”国王向老人许诺说。
5The old man thought for a moment and said slowly, “If I win the game, I'd like one grain of rice for the first square of the chessboard, two for the second, four for the third … I'd like you to double the amount for each of the rest of the squares.”
老人想了想，慢慢地说：“如果我赢了这局棋，我希望棋盘第一格放一粒米，第二格放两粒，第三格放四粒……我希望你往后的每一个格子，都把数量翻一倍。”
6The king was very surprised.
国王非常惊讶。
7“Is that all?” he asked.
“就这些？”他问道。
8“Wouldn't you like gold or silver instead?”
“难道你不想要金银之类的吗？”
9“No, just rice,” the old man replied without hesitation.
“不，只要米就行，”老人毫不犹豫地回答。
10“How many grains of rice will this be?” the king wondered, “There are 64 squares on the chessboard, so there will be one, two, four, eight, sixteen, … Perhaps a bag of rice is enough.”
“这会有多少粒米呢？”国王想，“棋盘上有 64 个格子，所以会有 1、2、4、8、16……也许一袋米就够了。”
11After thinking about it for a moment, the king agreed.
想了一会儿之后，国王同意了。
12The king and the old man played the game for a long time.
国王和老人下了很久的棋。
13Finally, the old man won, so the king ordered his men to collect a bag of rice.
最后，老人赢了，于是国王命令手下的人去取一袋米来。
14The king's men put one grain on the first square, two on the second, and so on.
国王的手下在第一格放一粒米，第二格放两粒，以此类推。
15After a few squares, the king realized the problem—even with all the rice in the country, he would still not have enough rice to put on the chessboard!
过了几个格子之后，国王才意识到问题的严重性——即使把全国所有的米都拿来，也不够摆满棋盘！
词汇
king n.国王
palace n.宫殿
chess n.国际象棋
chessboard n.棋盘
prize n.奖赏、奖品
grain n.谷粒、米粒
square n.方格、格子
amount n.数量
rest n.其余、剩余
country n.国家
hesitation n.犹豫
favourite adj.最喜欢的
wise adj.有智慧的、明智的
enough adj.足够的
slowly adv.慢慢地
challenge v.挑战
promise v.许诺
wonder v.想知道、纳闷
realize v.意识到
agree v.同意
collect v.收集、取来
double v.使加倍
词组
a long time ago很久以前
one day有一天
challenge sb to a game向某人挑战一局
think for a moment想了一会儿
double the amount使数量翻倍
a bag of rice一袋米
and so on以此类推
without hesitation毫不犹豫地
I'd like you to double…我希望你（把…）翻倍
介词短语
in India在印度
to the palace来到宫殿
for a moment片刻
for the first square of the chessboard为棋盘的第一个格子
of rice米的
on the chessboard在棋盘上
without hesitation毫不犹豫地
After thinking about it考虑过它之后
for a long time很长一段时间
in the country在这个国家
with all the rice in the country即使有全国所有的米
二、语法和从句分析
1. 一般过去时叙述故事：全文用一般过去时讲故事（was, came, challenged, promised, thought, said, agreed, played, won, ordered, put, realized）。
2. if 引导条件状语从句：“If I win the game, I'd like…”中 if 引导条件状语从句，表示“如果……”。
3. there be 句型：“there was a king / there are 64 squares / there will be one…”用 there be 表示“某处存在某物”。
4. 不定式作宾语补足语：“ordered his men to collect a bag of rice”中 to collect 作 his men 的宾语补足语（order sb to do sth.，命令某人做某事）。
5. would like sb to do：“I'd like you to double the amount”中 would like sb to do sth. 表示“希望某人做某事”。
6. after + 动名词：“After thinking about it for a moment”中 after 是介词，thinking 是动名词作介词宾语，表示“在……之后”。
IELTS 4.0 基础使用者 · Unit 2 · 文章精读 · The old man and the king