IELTS 4.5 入门者（中高级） · Unit 2 · 文章精读
Thinking outside the box 跳出思维定式
原文精读 · 词汇词组 · 语法和从句分析
名词/冠词/代词/数字
动词
不定式
动名词
现在分词
形容词
副词
介词
连词
引导词 that
引导词 when/从句
一、原文精读
1The phrase “thinking outside the box” means thinking freely and creatively, without any limits.
短语“跳出思维定式”的意思是自由而有创造性地思考，不受任何限制。
2Let’s look at some ways to do it!
让我们看看做到这一点的一些方法吧！
3One good way to find creative solutions is to think of as many ideas as possible, even if they sound completely crazy.
找到有创意解决方案的一个好方法是尽可能多地想出主意，即使它们听起来完全疯狂。
4It doesn’t matter if the ideas are good or not—even bad ideas can help us look at a problem in a different way.
这些想法好不好并不重要——即使糟糕的想法也能帮助我们以不同的方式看待问题。
5When we think of new ideas in a group, every new idea may help us come up with more ideas.
当我们在小组中想出新的主意时，每一个新主意都可能帮助我们想出更多的主意。
6However, if we keep saying “That will never work!” when someone has an idea, the discussion will never move forward.
然而，如果当某人有一个想法时，我们一直说“那永远不会有用！”，讨论就永远不会向前推进。
7If you get stuck, doing something else for a while can help.
如果你卡住了，做一会儿别的事情会有帮助。
8For example, going for a walk may help you clear your mind and look at things in a new way.
例如，去散散步可能帮助你理清思绪，以新的方式看待事物。
9Some people have great ideas when they’re doing the dishes or taking a shower.
有些人在洗碗或洗澡时会冒出好主意。
10It’s not surprising that Archimedes had his “eureka moment” in the bath!
阿基米德在浴缸里获得他的“尤里卡时刻”并不令人惊讶！
11It is hard to be creative if you try to do everything at once.
如果你试图同时做所有事情，就很难有创造力。
12For example, if you set a broad and unclear goal like “write a great essay”, you will get stressed because you won’t know what to do next.
例如，如果你设定一个宽泛而不明确的目标，比如“写一篇很棒的文章”，你会感到压力，因为你不知道接下来该做什么。
13Instead, it is better to start with a small and focused goal, such as “choose key points for my essay”.
相反，更好的做法是从一个小而专注的目标开始，比如“为我的文章选择要点”。
14Specific goals make it easier for you to think creatively and also help you reach your final destination, one step at a time.
具体的目标让你更容易有创造性地思考，也帮助你一步步到达最终目的地。
课文提示：本页为 Unit 2 “Great ideas” 跨学科阅读（Psychology）Thinking outside the box 课文精读。文章介绍三种跳出思维定式、激发创造力的方法：多想主意、适时暂停、一次专注一件事。
词汇
phrase n.短语、词组
freely adv.自由地
creatively adv.创造性地
limit n.限制
creative adj.有创造力的
solution n.解决办法
crazy adj.疯狂的
matter v.重要、要紧
different adj.不同的
group n.小组、群体
discussion n.讨论
stuck adj.卡住的、难住的
mind n.头脑、思绪
dish n.盘子（do the dishes 洗碗）
shower n.淋浴
surprising adj.令人惊讶的
moment n.时刻
creative adj.有创造力的
everything pron.一切事情
broad adj.宽泛的
unclear adj.不明确的
goal n.目标
essay n.文章、短文
stressed adj.有压力的
focused adj.专注的、明确的
specific adj.具体的
reach v.到达、达到
final adj.最终的
destination n.目的地
step n.一步
词组
outside the box跳出常规、思维定式之外
think of想出
as many ... as possible尽可能多的……
even if即使
it doesn’t matter没关系、不重要
in a different way以不同的方式
come up with想出（主意）
keep doing一直做
move forward向前推进
get stuck卡住、遇到难题
for a while一会儿
for example例如
do the dishes洗碗
take a shower洗淋浴
at once同时、一起
such as例如、诸如
one step at a time一步一个脚印
介词短语
without any limits不受任何限制
of ideas as possible尽可能多的想法
at a problem in a different way以不同方式看待问题
in a group在小组中
with more ideas想出更多主意
for a while一会儿
for a walk去散步
at things in a new way以新的方式看待事物
in the bath在浴缸里
with a small goal从一个小目标开始
for my essay为我的文章
at a time一次
二、语法和从句分析
1. 动名词作主语：“doing something else for a while can help”“going for a walk may help”中动名词 doing / going 作主语。
2. 不定式作表语 / 定语 / 宾语：“a good way to find creative solutions is to think of...”中 to find 作定语修饰 way，to think 作表语；“to do everything”“to start with”中不定式作宾语或补足语。
3. as ... as 比较结构：“as many ideas as possible”为 as + 形容词/副词 + as 结构，意为“尽可能多的”。
4. even if 引导让步状语从句：“even if they sound completely crazy”中 even if 表示“即使”，引导让步状语从句。
5. if 引导条件状语从句：“if we keep saying...”“if you get stuck”中 if 引导条件状语从句（主将从现）。
6. when 引导时间状语从句：“when we think of new ideas...”“when someone has an idea”中 when 引导时间状语从句。
7. It 形式主语 + that 从句：“It is not surprising that Archimedes had...”中 it 作形式主语，真正主语是 that 从句。
8. because 引导原因状语从句：“you will get stressed because you won’t know...”中 because 引导原因状语从句。
9. what + 不定式作宾语：“you won’t know what to do next”中 what to do（疑问词 + 不定式）作 know 的宾语。
10. make it + 形容词 + 不定式：“Specific goals make it easier for you to think creatively”中 make it + 形容词 + for sb. to do，it 为形式宾语，真正宾语是不定式。
11. 并列连词连接两个谓语/从句：“...and also help you reach your final destination”中 and 连接并列谓语。
IELTS 4.5 入门者（中高级） · Unit 2 · 文章精读 · Thinking outside the box