IELTS 4.5 入门者（中高级） · Unit 1 · 文章精读
Wang Zhenyi 王贞仪
原文精读 · 词汇词组 · 语法和从句分析
名词/冠词/代词/数字
动词
不定式
动名词
现在分词
形容词
副词
介词
连词
引导词 that
引导词 when/从句
1Wang Zhenyi (1768-1797) was a female mathematician and an astronomer who lived in the Qing dynasty.
王贞仪（1768—1797）是清朝一位女性数学家和天文学家。
2She also had a talent for poetry.
她还富有诗歌才华。
3Wang grew up in a family that valued education.
王贞仪在一个重视教育的家庭中长大。
4As a child, she learnt mathematics from her father, astronomy from her grandfather and poetry from her grandmother.
小时候，她跟父亲学数学、跟祖父学天文、跟祖母学诗歌。
5When she was a teenager, she spent a lot of time studying and building her knowledge in her grandfather's library.
青少年时期，她在祖父的书房里花大量时间研读、充实自己的知识。
6Wang learnt more and more about astronomy and mathematics, even though the language in the science books was very old-fashioned and difficult to understand.
王贞仪在天文学和数学上学得越来越多，尽管科学书里的语言非常古老、难以理解。
7This experience made her realize something important: scientific texts need to be written in a clear way so that everyone can understand them.
这段经历让她意识到一件重要的事：科学文本需要用清晰的方式书写，好让每个人都能理解。
8With this in mind, she rewrote the mathematician Mei Wending's famous book about calculation.
带着这一想法，她重写了数学家梅文鼎那本著名的算学著作。
9At age 24, she created a simpler method of multiplication and division, and wrote a book about it.
24 岁时，她创出了一种更简便的乘除法，并为此写了一本书。
10Wang also studied astronomy on her own.
王贞仪还独自钻研天文学。
11She described lunar and solar eclipses in her works.
她在著作中描述了月食和日食。
12In old times, people thought eclipses were a sign that heaven was angry with them, but Wang showed that these events were completely natural.
在古代，人们以为日食月食是上天对他们发怒的征兆，但王贞仪证明这些现象完全是自然的。
13She explained it in a simple way so that ordinary people could understand.
她用简单的方式解释，好让普通人能听懂。
14She set up a model of a lunar eclipse in a garden.
她在花园里搭建了一个月食模型。
15It was made up of a round table representing the Earth, a lamp as the Sun, and a round mirror as the Moon.
它由一张代表地球的圆桌、一盏代表太阳的灯和一面代表月亮的圆镜组成。
16Wang moved the objects around to show what happens during a lunar eclipse: when the Moon passes into the Earth's shadow, the Moon becomes darker.
王贞仪移动这些物体，来演示月食期间的情形：当月亮进入地球的影子时，月亮就会变暗。
17Her model was clear and simple to understand, even for the youngest people in the audience.
她的模型清晰易懂，连观众中年纪最小的都能看懂。
18In addition to her achievements in mathematics and astronomy, Wang Zhenyi was an excellent poet, and she wrote about unusually modern topics.
除了在数学和天文学上的成就，王贞仪还是一位出色的诗人，她写的是异常现代的主题。
19Wang knew that women are no less intelligent than men, as we can see in this poem:
王贞仪深知女性并不比男性逊色，正如我们可以从这首诗中看到的那样：
It's made to believe,
Women are the same as Men;
Are you not convinced,
Daughters can also be heroic?
Women are the same as Men;
Are you not convinced,
Daughters can also be heroic?
据理来坚信：女子与男同；难道你不信：女儿也能成英雄？
20In 1994, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) named a crater on Venus after Wang Zhenyi.
1994 年，国际天文学联合会（IAU）以王贞仪的名字命名了金星上的一个陨石坑。
21Since she achieved so much in her short time on Earth—she died at the age of 29—it is fitting that she is remembered beyond it.
既然她在短暂的一生中（29 岁便离世）取得了如此多的成就，她应当被后人永远铭记。
课文提示：本页为 Unit 1 “Great people” Section 1 王贞仪课文精读，课文取自上海教育出版社教材原文。诗句“It's made to believe, Women are the same as Men; Are you not convinced, Daughters can also be heroic?”表达了“女子与男同”的男女平等思想。
词汇
female adj.女性的
mathematician n.数学家
astronomer n.天文学家
dynasty n.朝代
talent n.天赋
poetry n.诗歌
education n.教育
grandfather n.祖父
grandmother n.祖母
library n.书房；图书馆
teenager n.青少年
knowledge n.知识
old-fashioned adj.过时的、古老的
scientific adj.科学的
text n.文本
calculation n.计算
method n.方法
multiplication n.乘法
division n.除法
eclipse n.食（日食/月食）
sign n.征兆
describe v.描述
work n.著作
lunar adj.月亮的
solar adj.太阳的
model n.模型
lamp n.灯
mirror n.镜子
shadow n.阴影、影子
audience n.观众
achievement n.成就
poet n.诗人
poem n.诗歌
crater n.陨石坑
Venus n.金星
natural adj.自然的
ordinary adj.普通的
intelligent adj.聪明的
heroic adj.英勇的
convinced adj.确信的
fitting adj.恰当的
explain v.解释
represent v.代表
achieve v.取得（成就）
rewrite v.重写
词组
have a talent for在……方面有天赋
grow up长大
a lot of time大量时间
even though尽管
with this in mind带着这一想法
at age 24在 24 岁时
on her own独自
in old times在古代
be angry with对……生气
a solar eclipse日食
a lunar eclipse月食
so that以便、为了
set up建立、搭建
be made up of由……组成
in a simple way用简单的方式
in addition to除了……之外
no less ... than与……同样
at the age of在……岁时
name ... after以……命名
short time on Earth短暂的一生
介词短语
in the Qing dynasty在清朝
a talent for poetry诗歌方面的天赋
in a family在一个家庭中
from her father跟父亲（学）
from her grandfather跟祖父（学）
from her grandmother跟祖母（学）
in her grandfather's library在她祖父的书房里
more and more about astronomy越来越多地了解天文
in the science books在科学书里
in a clear way用清晰的方式
about calculation关于计算
at age 24在 24 岁
a method of multiplication and division一种乘除法
on her own独自
in her works在她的著作中
in old times在古代
with them对他们
in a simple way用简单的方式
of a lunar eclipse月食的
in a garden在花园里
as the Sun and the Moon作为太阳与月亮
during a lunar eclipse在月食期间
into the Earth's shadow进入地球的影子
in the audience在观众中
in mathematics and astronomy在数学和天文学方面
about unusually modern topics关于异常现代的主题
on Venus在金星上
after Wang Zhenyi以王贞仪的名字（命名）
in her short time on Earth在她短暂的一生中
at the age of 29在 29 岁时
beyond it超越它
二、语法和从句分析
1. who 引导定语从句：“an astronomer who lived in the Qing dynasty”中 who 指人，引导定语从句修饰 astronomer。
2. that 引导定语从句：“a family that valued education”中 that 指物，引导定语从句修饰 family。
3. even though 引导让步状语从句：“even though the language … was very old-fashioned and difficult to understand”中 even though 表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
4. so that 引导目的状语从句：“in a clear way so that everyone can understand them”“in a simple way so that ordinary people could understand”中 so that 表示“以便”，引导目的状语从句。
5. that 引导同位语从句：“a sign that heaven was angry with them”中 that 从句作 sign 的同位语，说明“征兆”的具体内容。
6. 现在分词作后置定语：“a round table representing the Earth”中 representing 是现在分词，修饰 table，意为“代表地球的圆桌”。
7. 不定式作目的状语：“to show what happens…”中不定式表示目的。
8. what / when 引导从句：“what happens during a lunar eclipse”中 what 引导宾语从句；“when the Moon passes into the Earth's shadow”中 when 引导时间状语从句。
9. that 引导宾语从句：“Wang knew that women are no less intelligent than men”中 that 引导宾语从句，作 knew 的宾语。
10. as 引导方式状语从句：“as we can see in this poem”中 as 表示“正如”。
11. Since 引导原因状语从句 + it 形式主语：“Since she achieved so much… it is fitting that she is remembered”中 Since 引导原因状语从句；it 是形式主语，真正主语是 that 从句。
12. 被动语态：“It was made up of…; she is remembered”中 be made up of 与 be remembered 为被动结构。
三、文中其他杰出人物
Tu Youyou 屠呦呦
She discovered qinghaosu, one of the world's most effective treatments for malaria.她发现了青蒿素——世界上治疗疟疾最有效的药物之一。
Pablo Picasso 毕加索
He helped create a new style of art called Cubism. He changed people's ideas about art.他帮助开创了名为“立体主义”的新艺术风格，改变了人们对艺术的看法。
Ludwig van Beethoven 贝多芬
He created some of the most influential music in history. He changed many traditional forms of Western classical music.他创作了历史上一些最具影响力的音乐，改变了西方古典音乐的许多传统形式。
Nicolaus Copernicus 哥白尼
He found out that the Earth and the other planets travel around the Sun. His discovery changed the way people viewed the solar system.他发现地球和其他行星绕太阳运行，这一发现改变了人们对太阳系的看法。
IELTS 4.5 入门者（中高级） · Unit 1 · 文章精读 · Wang Zhenyi